Impact device



March 2, 1937. K. SEIDL IMPACT DEVICE Filed Jan. 7, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet1 Fig. 4::

March 2, 1937. K. SEIDL 2,072,224

IMPACT DEVICE Filed Jan. 7, 1935 2 Sheet s-Sheet 2 Fig. 2 a

Patented Mar. 2, 1937' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Menck & Hambrock G.

Hamburg, Germany in. b. H., Altona- Application January 7, 1935, SerialNo. 803 In Germany March 4, 1933 3 Claims.

t Impact devices, more particularly pile drivers, are known in variousforms, including those with explosion drive, using either solid materialsuch as powder or liquid or material adapted to explode. It has alsobeen proposed in such impact devices to employ the Diesel principle, inwhich case the length of stroke of the cylinder is limited by theconstruction of the device, and the impact is produced not principallyby a weight,

that is the weight of the ram, but by the shock of the explosion.

It has been found that it is preferable to allow the piston and thedriving cylinder in impact devices driven by explosive force, toseparate for some distance, which was hitherto unknown for such impactdevices which are constantly and positively fed and operated on fuel. Inthe constructions possible within the scope of this invention it hasfurther been found that the most advantageous is that in which thepiston is disposed on the impact plate and is stationary with respectthereto during operation, while the driving cylinder moves and becomesseparated from the piston by any desired distance, whereby the 23combustion space is thoroughly flushed and the waste gases are removed.

This has the advantage that the drop of the 'ram can be made as great asis desired and further the combustion space is thoroughly andimmediately flushed out with fresh air so that the explosion space doesnot remain filled-with waste gas on account of lack of fresh air.

As a driving agent fuels are used which burn when supplied with oxygenand which have the advantage of being cheap and can be re-filled intothe cylinder automatically and positively without there being danger ofexplosion or fire.

Suitable fuels are crude oil, gasoline, petrol, ben-' zol and paraflinoil, that is all known driving agents, as well as gases in suitable formand pulverized coal. The device is started in the manner known forsimilar devices.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, 7 two modifications of thedevice are illustrated in -whiohz Figure 1 shows a front view of thedevice; Figure la shows a cross-sectional view of the form shown inFigure 1, with the pump member shown in elevation; Figure 2 shows across-sectional view of a construction modification of the device, and

Figure 2a shows the form as shown in Fig. 2 with the parts in spacedrelation.

According to the form shown in Figs. 1 and 1a, the end of the cylinder 6is provided with a resilient, non-return valve I3, through which freshair is introduced into the cylinder. The ram I is guided by the rails 2which are secured to the base 3 which is placed over the pile to bedriven. The base 3 is fitted on its upper surface with a cylindricalextension or piston 5 provided with piston rings 4 which when the ram Iis in the position of rest engages the cylinder 6.

Above the cylinder 6 the ram I is provided with a second boring orcylinder 1. In this latter cylinder there is a piston B which is guidedby means of an axial rod 9 and a transverse rod In on the rails 2.

The clamping screws II of the rod I0 enable its friction on the rails 2to be altered as desired. The piston 8 is provided on its lower sidewith a suction valve I2. The boring is connected through a passage 2|with the cylinder 6. This passage 2| is closed by the resilientnon-return valve I3.

The boring I is closed at the top by a cover I4 provided with a suctionvalve I5. The cover I4 has inlet openings I 6 above the suction valveI5.

The mode of operation of the device is as follows:

The base 3 is placed'over the pile to be driven. In the positionillustratedin Fig. la the explosion occurs in the cylinder 6. By thisexplosion the ram is thrown upward. Since the piston 8 is braked by thescrews I I it takes part in this up- Ward movement only after aconsiderable delay. The air contained in the boring 1 becomes compressedand after the ram is raised so high that the piston 5 lies outside thecylinder 6 the exhaust gases in the cylinder 6 are allowed to escape. Atthe same time however the compressed air contained in the boring 1causes the non-return valve I3 to be unseated and the air flows into thecylinder 6 and displaces the exhaust gases. When the ram I drops againthis fresh air new contained in the cylinder 6 is compressed. At thesame time more fresh air is drawn into the boring 1 through the suctionvalves I2 and I5 which at the next explosion is compressed in boring Ias described above. When the ram I has again reached the positionillustrated in Figure 1a, fuel is injected through the passage 22 intothe cylinder I5 by means of a pump of any suitable type which is drivenby the stroke of the ram I,

- such a pump being shown at 26 and being of the injection type. The ramI is provided with a cam element 23 which operates the bell crank lever24 which in turn actuates the pump 26 by means of the member 25. Thecompression in the cylinder 6 is so great that ignition occursspontaneously in accordance. with the principle involved in Dieselengines and the ram is thrown upwards again.

It is clear that the ram according to the invention does not requireauxiliary devices, such as ignition device, steam boiler, compressors orthe like. The cost is therefore very small. It is extremely light andhandy. It can be used in places where electric power and coal are notavailable.

It would naturally be possible to make the piston 8 fixedwithout usingthe clamping screws i I. In this case, however, the air compression inthe boring I would not be consistently the same during operation sincethe power of explosion varies according to different conditions as forexample, temperature and the lke. .It would also be possible to fix thepiston in a favorable position by tightening the clamping screws l I.

According to Figs. 2 and 2a the hammer or ram I is guided by a singletube I! which passes through the boring I and is secured to the piston5' of the base 8'. The tube I1 is rovided with inlet and outlet ports orslots iii a d I8. The air which has been compressed in the boring 1' asdescribed above in connection with the modification shown in Figs. 1 and1a, passes through the slots l8 into the tube l1 and then through slotsl8 into the cylinder 6 so as to clear out the exhaust gases. The piston8' is mounted on the tube I! by means of a conical slotted threadedsleeve is, on which a nut 20 is screwed, according to the degree ofbraking desired. The supply of air together with the explosive chargeinto the cylinder 6' is effected in this case through the tube slots l8as shown in Fig. 2a, the pump being omitted in this latter modification.

It will be seen that the position of the piston 8' on the tube i1regulates the opening and closing of the slots l8 while the centralportion of the ram i' through which the tube I1 passes,

regulates the opening and closing of the slots II.

It is also possible to keep the piston 0' in the ready position by meansof a compression spring, (not shown) in the boring I. The compression ofthe air in the boring I is obtained under the influence of the inertiaof the piston I since when the ram is thrown upwards the piston 8' has atendency to remain in its place. The air contained in the boring I istherefore compressed. This modiflcation is provided with the suctionvalves l2 and II and the inlet openings 16', similar to the parts l2, IIand It in Figure la. The operation is the same as that discussed withreference to Figures 1 and la.

What I claim is:

1. An impact device driven by the explosive force of liquidcombustibles, the ignition of which is effected by compression thereof,for driving piles, comprising an impact plate adapted to fit on a pile,a piston secured to the upper face of said impact plate, guiding meanson the impact plate, a. movable ram provided with a cylindrical bore atthe lower end thereof and slidably mounted on said guiding means andengageable periodically with said piston to form a combustion chamber,and means for introducing an explosive charge into said chamber.

2. An impact device as claimed in claim 1,

comprising a non-return valve at the upper endof said cylindrical boreand means for forcing air through said valve into said combustionchamber. 3. An impact device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guidingmeans and the means for introducing an explosive charge is a hollow tubemounted on said piston extending through said movable ram, said tubebeing provided with slotted openings for admitting air together with theexplosive charge into said combustion chamber.

KARL SEIDL.

